POLYACRYLIC ACID (PAA)
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Highlights:
Polyacrylic Acid (PAA)
Premium Quality Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) – High-Performance Chemical Solutions & Scale Inhibitor for Water Treatment, Industrial Processing, Cooling Systems & Dispersant Applications
✅ Premium Chemical Solutions – Superior Scale Inhibition & Dispersant Properties
✅ Multiple Molecular Weights – Various Polymer Grades for Specific Applications
✅ Excellent Performance Properties – Superior Chelation, Controlled Dosage, High Efficiency
✅ Multi-Industry Compatible – Enhanced Water Treatment, Industrial Processing, Oil Field & Manufacturing Applications
✅ Quality Assured – Established Application Guidelines Supporting Optimal Performance
Description
High-Quality Polyacrylic Acid (PAA)
Polyacrylic Acid (PAA), with chemical formula (C₃H₄O₂)n and CAS number 9003-01-4, available in various molecular weights ranging from 2,000 to 100,000 Daltons, is a specialized water-soluble polymer appearing as clear to slightly yellow liquid or white powder with excellent solubility and stable chemical properties. Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) represents one of the most effective scale inhibitors and dispersants, providing exceptional calcium carbonate inhibition, excellent phosphate stabilization, superior thermal stability, and outstanding application versatility, making it essential for water treatment plants, industrial cooling systems, oil field operations, paper manufacturing, and chemical processing applications requiring high-performance scale inhibition characteristics and consistent dispersant behavior.
At Chemicals & Process Equipment Limited, we supply high-performance Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) manufactured under stringent quality control standards and international water treatment, industrial processing, oil field, and chemical manufacturing specifications. Our comprehensive product range includes various molecular weights, concentration levels, and specialized formulations meeting diverse requirements for cooling water treatment, reverse osmosis systems, oil field scale inhibition, paper processing, and specialized chemical applications across global water treatment, industrial, oil & gas, and chemical manufacturing markets.
✅ Advanced Polymer Technology – Optimized Molecular Weight & Multi-Industry Applications
✅ Consistent Quality Standards – Multiple Product Classifications with Comprehensive Documentation
✅ Essential Scale Inhibitor – Superior Water Treatment, Industrial Processing & Oil Field Performance
✅ Multi-Industry Applications – Water Treatment, Cooling Systems, Oil Fields, Paper Manufacturing, Chemical Processing
✅ Technical Support Package – Complete Application Guidance & Performance Optimization
The global polyacrylic acid market was valued at approximately USD 1.8 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 2.9 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 7.1% during the forecast period. Market expansion is driven by increasing water treatment requirements, growing industrial cooling applications, expanding oil field operations, rising paper production, and advanced scale inhibition technologies requiring high-performance polyacrylic acid solutions.
Technical Specifications & Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) Properties
| Property | Low MW (2K-5K) | Medium MW (5K-15K) | High MW (15K-50K) | Ultra High MW (50K+) | Liquid Form | Powder Form |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular Weight (Da) | 2000-5000 | 5000-15000 | 15000-50000 | 50000-100000 | Variable | Variable |
| Active Content (%) | 48-52 | 45-50 | 40-45 | 35-42 | 45-52 | 88-95 |
| pH (1% solution) | 2.0-3.5 | 2.2-3.8 | 2.5-4.0 | 2.8-4.2 | 2.0-4.0 | 2.5-4.5 |
| Density (g/mL at 20°C) | 1.18-1.25 | 1.15-1.22 | 1.12-1.20 | 1.10-1.18 | 1.10-1.25 | 0.60-0.80 |
| Viscosity (cP at 25°C) | 5-50 | 50-500 | 500-5000 | 5000-50000 | Variable | N/A |
| Solubility in Water | Complete | Complete | Complete | Complete | Complete | Complete |
| Solid Content (%) | 48-52 | 45-50 | 40-45 | 35-42 | 40-55 | 88-95 |
| Free Acrylic Acid (%) | <1.0 | <0.5 | <0.3 | <0.2 | <1.0 | <0.5 |
| Heavy Metals (ppm) | <10 | <10 | <10 | <10 | <10 | <10 |
| Iron Content (ppm) | <20 | <20 | <20 | <20 | <20 | <20 |
| Sulfate Content (%) | <0.5 | <0.5 | <0.5 | <0.5 | <0.5 | <0.5 |
| Chloride Content (%) | <0.3 | <0.3 | <0.3 | <0.3 | <0.3 | <0.3 |
| Ash Content (%) | <2 | <2 | <2 | <2 | <2 | <5 |
| Water Content (%) | 48-52 | 50-55 | 55-60 | 58-65 | 45-60 | <8 |
| Color (APHA) | <50 | <100 | <150 | <200 | <200 | White |
| Odor | Slight acrylic | Slight acrylic | Slight acrylic | Slight acrylic | Slight acrylic | Slight acrylic |
| Freezing Point (°C) | -5 to -15 | -8 to -18 | -10 to -20 | -12 to -22 | -5 to -25 | N/A |
| Boiling Point (°C) | 100-105 | 102-108 | 105-110 | 108-115 | 100-115 | N/A |
| Flash Point (°C) | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >200 |
| Decomposition Temp (°C) | 200-220 | 180-200 | 160-180 | 140-160 | 140-220 | 180-250 |
| Glass Transition (°C) | 85-105 | 90-110 | 95-115 | 100-120 | Variable | Variable |
| Thermal Stability | Excellent | Very good | Good | Fair | Variable | Good |
| Chemical Stability | Excellent | Excellent | Excellent | Good | Excellent | Excellent |
| Hydrolysis Resistance | Excellent | Excellent | Good | Fair | Variable | Good |
| UV Stability | Good | Good | Fair | Fair | Fair | Good |
| Oxidation Resistance | Good | Good | Fair | Fair | Fair | Good |
| Dosage Range (ppm) | 1-50 | 2-100 | 5-200 | 10-500 | 1-500 | 1-500 |
| Effective Conc. (ppm) | 5-25 | 10-50 | 20-100 | 50-250 | Variable | Variable |
| Scale Inhibition (%) | 85-95 | 90-98 | 92-99 | 85-95 | Variable | Variable |
| Calcium Tolerance (ppm) | 500-2000 | 1000-3000 | 1500-4000 | 1000-3000 | Variable | Variable |
| Magnesium Tolerance (ppm) | 200-800 | 400-1200 | 600-1500 | 400-1200 | Variable | Variable |
| pH Range | 6-10 | 6-11 | 7-12 | 8-12 | 6-12 | 6-12 |
| Temperature Range (°C) | 10-80 | 10-85 | 10-90 | 10-95 | 10-95 | 10-95 |
| Alkalinity Tolerance | High | Very high | Excellent | High | Variable | Variable |
| Hardness Tolerance | Good | Very good | Excellent | Good | Variable | Variable |
| Dispersant Efficiency (%) | 70-85 | 80-92 | 85-95 | 75-88 | Variable | Variable |
| Threshold Effect | Excellent | Excellent | Very good | Good | Variable | Variable |
| Chelation Capacity | High | Very high | Excellent | High | Variable | Variable |
| Crystal Distortion | Excellent | Excellent | Very good | Good | Variable | Variable |
| Particle Suspension | Good | Very good | Excellent | Very good | Variable | Variable |
| Sludge Prevention | Good | Very good | Excellent | Good | Variable | Variable |
| Corrosion Rate (mpy) | <2 | <1.5 | <1 | <1.5 | <2 | <2 |
| Foaming Tendency | Low | Low | Medium | Medium | Variable | Low |
| Biodegradability | Good | Good | Fair | Poor | Variable | Fair |
| Environmental Impact | Low | Low | Low-Medium | Medium | Variable | Low |
| Aquatic Toxicity | Low | Low | Low | Low-Medium | Variable | Low |
| BOD₅ (mg/L) | 100-300 | 50-200 | 20-100 | 10-50 | Variable | Variable |
| COD (mg/L) | 800-1200 | 600-1000 | 400-800 | 200-600 | Variable | Variable |
| Storage Temperature (°C) | 0-40 | 0-40 | 0-40 | 0-40 | 0-40 | 5-35 |
| Storage Stability (months) | 24 | 24 | 18 | 12 | 12-24 | 36 |
| Shelf Life (months) | 24 | 24 | 18 | 12 | 12-24 | 36 |
| Packaging | Drum/IBC | Drum/IBC | Drum/IBC | Drum/IBC | Drum/IBC/Tank | Bag/Drum |
| Transport Class | Non-hazardous | Non-hazardous | Non-hazardous | Non-hazardous | Non-hazardous | Non-hazardous |
| Handling Safety | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard | Dust control |
| Personal Protection | Minimal | Minimal | Minimal | Minimal | Minimal | Dust mask |
| Compatibility | Excellent | Excellent | Good | Fair | Variable | Good |
| Mixing Requirements | Simple | Simple | Moderate | Complex | Variable | Good mixing |
| Pump Compatibility | Excellent | Good | Fair | Poor | Variable | N/A |
| Injection Method | Direct | Direct | Diluted | Diluted | Direct/Diluted | Solution |
| Feed Rate Control | Easy | Easy | Moderate | Complex | Variable | Moderate |
| Monitoring Method | Titration | Titration | Fluorescence | Fluorescence | Variable | Titration |
| Analysis Method | HPLC | HPLC | GPC | GPC | Variable | Various |
| Quality Control | Standard | Standard | Standard | Enhanced | Variable | Standard |
| Regulatory Status | Approved | Approved | Approved | Approved | Approved | Approved |
| FDA Status | GRAS | GRAS | GRAS | Food contact | Variable | GRAS |
| NSF Certification | Available | Available | Available | Limited | Variable | Available |
| REACH Compliance | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cost per kg Active | Medium | Medium-High | High | Very High | Variable | Low-Medium |
| Application Method | Continuous | Continuous | Continuous | Batch/Continuous | Variable | Solution prep |
| Effectiveness Duration | 24-48 hrs | 48-72 hrs | 72-96 hrs | 96+ hrs | Variable | Variable |
| Regeneration | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Waste Treatment | Biodegradation | Biodegradation | Limited bio | Chemical | Variable | Biodegradation |
Available Product Types:
- Low Molecular Weight PAA (2K-5K Da) for maximum penetration
- Medium Molecular Weight PAA (5K-15K Da) for balanced performance
- High Molecular Weight PAA (15K-50K Da) for maximum inhibition
- Ultra High Molecular Weight PAA (50K+ Da) for specialized applications
- Liquid PAA Solutions (40-52% active) for direct injection
- Powder PAA (90%+ active) for custom preparation
- Neutralized PAA (sodium/potassium salts) for alkaline systems
- Modified PAA with phosphonates for enhanced performance
- Copolymer PAA-AMPS for high temperature applications
- Food Grade PAA for food processing applications
- Pharmaceutical Grade PAA for medical applications
- Technical Grade PAA for industrial applications
- Custom Molecular Weight PAA for specific requirements
- Concentrated PAA Solutions for transportation efficiency
- Stabilized PAA for extended storage life
Specialized Application Solutions:
- System design and chemical feed calculations
- Dosage optimization for water chemistry conditions
- Compatibility testing with other treatment chemicals
- Performance monitoring and analytical methods
- Troubleshooting and technical support services
- Training programs for operators and technicians
- Custom formulation development for unique applications
- Regulatory compliance assistance and documentation
- Environmental impact assessment and mitigation
- Cost optimization and chemical program evaluation
Water Treatment Applications
Cooling Water Systems Industrial facilities utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for cooling tower treatment, heat exchanger protection, and scale prevention requiring cooling water specifications. Power plants, iron & steel factories, chemical fertilizer plants, refineries and air conditioning systems employ PAA as scale inhibitor and dispersant with typical dosage of 1-15 mg/L when used alone. Manufacturing companies use PAA for calcium carbonate control, phosphate stabilization, and cooling applications requiring equipment protection, heat transfer efficiency, and operational reliability.
Reverse Osmosis Systems Water treatment facilities use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for membrane protection, scaling prevention, and flux maintenance requiring RO system specifications. PAA serves as a scale inhibitor specially designed for reverse osmosis (RO) systems and nanofiltration (NF) and ultrafiltration (UF) systems, preventing fouling of membrane surfaces while improving water production and quality. Municipal and industrial water treatment plants employ PAA for membrane longevity, operational efficiency, and cost reduction in membrane systems.
Boiler Water Treatment Industrial steam facilities utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for boiler feedwater treatment, steam system protection, and deposit control requiring boiler water specifications. Steam power plants employ PAA for scale prevention, corrosion protection, and boiler applications requiring heat transfer optimization, tube protection, and operational safety in high-pressure steam systems.
Circulating Water Systems Industrial process facilities use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for closed-loop systems, process cooling, and recirculating water treatment requiring process water specifications. Manufacturing plants employ PAA for system cleanliness, deposit prevention, and process applications requiring consistent performance, equipment protection, and process reliability.
Oil Field Applications
Production Water Treatment Oil and gas companies utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for produced water treatment, scale prevention, and formation protection requiring oil field specifications. Petroleum producers employ PAA for barium sulfate inhibition, calcium carbonate control, and production applications requiring well productivity, equipment protection, and operational efficiency in oil field operations.
Enhanced Oil Recovery EOR operations use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for injection water treatment, formation compatibility, and reservoir protection requiring EOR specifications. Oil recovery companies employ PAA for scale control, clay stabilization, and EOR applications requiring formation damage prevention, injection efficiency, and reservoir performance optimization.
Pipeline Treatment Pipeline operators utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for pipeline protection, flow assurance, and deposit prevention requiring pipeline specifications. Transportation companies employ PAA for mineral scale control, paraffin inhibition, and pipeline applications requiring flow optimization, maintenance reduction, and operational reliability.
Drilling Fluids Drilling contractors use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for drilling mud treatment, wellbore stability, and formation protection requiring drilling fluid specifications. Well service companies employ PAA for clay inhibition, shale stabilization, and drilling applications requiring wellbore integrity, drilling efficiency, and formation damage prevention.
Paper Manufacturing Applications
Pulp Processing Paper mills utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for pulp washing, bleaching enhancement, and process optimization requiring pulp processing specifications. Pulp manufacturers employ PAA for scale prevention, deposit control, and pulp applications requiring fiber quality, process efficiency, and equipment protection in pulp production.
Paper Machine Systems Paper manufacturers use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for white water treatment, system cleanliness, and deposit prevention requiring paper machine specifications. Paper companies employ PAA for scale control, pitch control, and paper applications requiring product quality, machine efficiency, and operational reliability in paper production.
Water Circuit Treatment Paper facilities utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for closed-loop systems, process water treatment, and recirculation systems requiring process water specifications. Paper mills employ PAA for biological control, deposit prevention, and water circuit applications requiring system optimization, cost reduction, and environmental compliance.
Coating Applications Specialty paper manufacturers use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for coating formulations, surface treatment, and product enhancement requiring coating specifications. Coated paper producers employ PAA for smoothness improvement, print quality enhancement, and coating applications requiring product performance, quality consistency, and customer satisfaction.
Industrial Applications
Chemical Processing Chemical manufacturers utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for process water treatment, equipment protection, and product quality enhancement requiring chemical processing specifications. Industrial chemical companies employ PAA for scale prevention, corrosion control, and chemical applications requiring process reliability, equipment longevity, and product purity.
Metal Processing Metal industry facilities use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for cooling systems, cleaning operations, and surface treatment requiring metal processing specifications. Steel mills employ PAA for scale control, deposit prevention, and metal applications requiring equipment protection, process efficiency, and product quality in metal processing operations.
Power Generation Power plants utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for steam systems, cooling circuits, and auxiliary systems requiring power generation specifications. Utility companies employ PAA for scale prevention, efficiency optimization, and power applications requiring reliable operation, maintenance reduction, and environmental compliance.
Textile Processing Textile manufacturers use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for process water treatment, equipment protection, and product quality requiring textile specifications. Fabric producers employ PAA for scale control, system cleanliness, and textile applications requiring consistent quality, operational efficiency, and cost-effective processing.
Specialty Applications
Personal Care Products Cosmetic manufacturers utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for formulation enhancement, texture improvement, and product stabilization requiring cosmetic specifications. Beauty product companies employ PAA for thickening, suspending, and cosmetic applications requiring consumer safety, product performance, and regulatory compliance.
Agriculture Applications Agricultural companies use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for soil conditioning, water retention, and nutrient delivery requiring agricultural specifications. Fertilizer manufacturers employ PAA for soil improvement, plant nutrition, and agricultural applications requiring crop yield enhancement, water conservation, and sustainable farming practices.
Food Processing Food manufacturers utilize Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for processing aid applications, cleaning systems, and quality enhancement requiring food grade specifications. Food companies employ PAA for scale prevention, cleaning enhancement, and food applications requiring safety compliance, product quality, and regulatory approval.
Pharmaceutical Applications Pharmaceutical manufacturers use Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) for drug delivery systems, tablet coating, and process applications requiring pharmaceutical specifications. Drug companies employ PAA for controlled release, biocompatibility, and pharmaceutical applications requiring regulatory compliance, safety assurance, and therapeutic effectiveness.
Quality Control & Testing Procedures
Comprehensive Quality Assurance Every production batch undergoes extensive testing to ensure compliance with polymer standards, water treatment requirements, industrial specifications, and international application standards. Our quality control laboratory employs advanced analytical techniques including gel permeation chromatography, viscosity measurement, and comprehensive performance evaluation.
Quality assurance procedures include:
- Molecular weight determination using GPC analysis
- Active content analysis using gravimetric methods
- pH measurement using calibrated electrodes
- Density testing using pycnometric methods
- Viscosity measurement using rotational viscometers
- Solubility testing using dissolution studies
- Free monomer analysis using HPLC methods
- Heavy metals testing using ICP-MS analysis
- Iron content determination using colorimetric methods
- Sulfate analysis using ion chromatography
- Chloride testing using argentometric titration
- Ash content determination using high-temperature furnace
- Water content analysis using Karl Fischer titration
- Color evaluation using APHA standards
- Thermal analysis using DSC and TGA methods
- Chemical stability testing using accelerated aging
- Scale inhibition performance using static tests
- Dispersant efficiency evaluation using turbidity methods
- Calcium tolerance testing using hardness solutions
- pH range optimization using buffer systems
- Temperature stability assessment using thermal cycling
- Compatibility testing with other chemicals
- Corrosion rate evaluation using coupon testing
- Foaming tendency assessment using mechanical testing
- Biodegradability testing using OECD methods
- Environmental impact assessment using ecotoxicology
- Aquatic toxicity evaluation using bioassays
- BOD/COD determination using standard methods
- Storage stability testing using long-term studies
- Packaging compatibility assessment using migration testing
- Transport stability evaluation using vibration testing
- Application performance testing using pilot systems
- Dosage optimization using response surface methodology
- Analytical method validation using accuracy/precision studies
- Quality system compliance using ISO standards
- Regulatory approval maintenance using documentation
- Customer application support using technical consultation
- Performance monitoring using field testing
- Continuous improvement using statistical analysis
Storage & Handling Procedures Implement proper storage conditions including temperature control, container compatibility, freeze protection, and proper handling procedures for maintaining Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) quality and preventing degradation throughout storage and application periods.
For comprehensive information about scale inhibitor technologies, water treatment applications, and polymer chemistry principles, you can reference this detailed Nature Clean Water article on polymer scale inhibitors which provides extensive coverage of scale inhibition mechanisms, polymer chemistry, industrial applications, and performance optimization from leading water treatment researchers and polymer science experts.
Market Applications & Industry Trends
Water Treatment Expansion Growing industrial water treatment requirements, increasing cooling system applications, expanding membrane technology adoption, and rising scale prevention needs drive continued demand for high-performance PAA in water treatment applications requiring reliable scale inhibition, cost-effective operation, and environmental compliance.
Oil Field Development Expanding oil and gas production, increasing enhanced recovery operations, growing produced water treatment requirements, and rising operational efficiency demands drive adoption of specialized PAA formulations for oil field applications requiring scale control, formation protection, and production optimization.
Industrial Process Optimization Advancing industrial processes, increasing efficiency requirements, expanding automation systems, and growing cost optimization drive development of high-performance PAA applications requiring process improvement, equipment protection, and operational reliability in manufacturing operations.
Environmental Compliance Expanding environmental regulations, increasing sustainability requirements, growing green chemistry initiatives, and rising eco-friendly demands support development of biodegradable PAA formulations requiring minimal environmental impact and sustainable processing practices.
Environmental & Regulatory Compliance
Water Treatment Standards Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) complies with water treatment regulations, NSF/ANSI standards, and international water quality guidelines ensuring effective scale inhibition with established performance criteria and comprehensive safety assessments for water treatment applications and environmental protection.
Food Contact Standards Adherence to FDA regulations, food contact substance approvals, and international food processing standards ensures appropriate use in food-related applications with established safety protocols and consumer protection measures for food processing operations.
Industrial Safety Standards Compliance with industrial safety regulations, occupational health requirements, and international safety guidelines ensures reliable use in industrial applications with established safety margins and worker protection for manufacturing operations.
Environmental Protection Standards Environmental compliance includes biodegradability assessment, aquatic toxicity evaluation, and sustainable application practices ensuring responsible use with consideration for environmental impact and ecosystem protection for all applications.
Oil Field Regulations Compliance with petroleum industry standards, offshore regulations, and environmental protection requirements ensures appropriate use in oil field applications with established safety protocols and environmental protection measures.
Performance Advantages & Technical Benefits
✔ Superior Scale Inhibition – Outstanding calcium carbonate and sulfate scale prevention
✔ Excellent Dispersant Action – Effective particle suspension and deposit prevention
✔ Broad pH Range – Reliable performance across alkaline conditions
✔ High Temperature Stability – Consistent effectiveness at elevated temperatures
✔ Multiple Molecular Weights – Optimized performance for specific applications
✔ Cost-Effective Treatment – Low dosage requirements with high efficiency
✔ Environmental Safety – Biodegradable formulations with low toxicity
✔ Easy Handling – Simple injection and mixing procedures
✔ Chemical Compatibility – Excellent compatibility with other treatment chemicals
✔ Threshold Effect – Maximum inhibition at minimum concentrations
✔ Crystal Distortion – Effective scale crystal modification
✔ Regulatory Compliance – FDA, NSF, and international approvals
✔ Technical Support – Complete application guidance and optimization
✔ Quality Assurance – Consistent performance across production batches
✔ Global Availability – Reliable supply chains and worldwide distribution
✔ Proven Performance – Decades of successful industrial applications
Our Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) products represent industry-leading standards in scale inhibitor technology and multi-industry processing solutions, specifically manufactured for demanding water treatment applications, industrial processing requirements, oil field operations, and specialized chemical processing requiring exceptional scale inhibition characteristics, reliable dispersant behavior, and comprehensive performance optimization. We provide complete technical support, application guidance, and performance consultation to ensure optimal results across your specialized water treatment, industrial, oil field, or chemical processing applications.
For detailed specifications, technical data sheets, or application-specific recommendations, contact our specialized polymer division. We offer complete support including product selection, dosage optimization, performance monitoring, and technical assistance to maximize effectiveness in your water treatment, industrial, oil field, or chemical processing applications.
For more information about our products, feel free to Contact Us today.
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